ABSTRACT
Abstract Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is characterized by bone exposure for more than eight weeks in patients who have used or been treated with antiresorptive or antiangiogenic drugs, without a history of radiation therapy or metastatic diseases in the jaws. Obesity is associated with changes in periodontal tissues and oral microbiota that are linked to bone alterations. This study aimed to analyze the influence of obesity on the development of bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis. The experiment randomly and simply divided 24 male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) into four groups: healthy, with osteonecrosis, obese, and obese with osteonecrosis (n=6 per group). Osteonecrosis was induced through weekly intraperitoneal injection for eight weeks at a dose of 250 µg/kg of zoledronic acid in a 4 mg/5 mL solution, combined with trauma (exodontia). Obesity was induced through a high glycaemic index diet. Each group was qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated regarding the development of models and pathological anatomy of the lesions. The results were expressed in mean percentage and standard deviation and statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post-hoc test, with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05) to establish differences found between the groups. Animals in the osteonecrosis group and the obese with osteonecrosis group presented larger necrosis areas (averages: 172.83±18,19 µm2 and 290.33±15,77 µm2, respectively) (p<0,0001). Bone sequestration, hepatic steatosis, and increased adipocyte size were observed in the obese group (average: 97.75±1.91 µm2) and in the obese with osteonecrosis group (average: 98.41±1.56 µm2), indicating greater tissue damage in these groups (p<0,0001). All parameters analyzed (through histological, morphometric, and murinometric analyses) increased for the obese and obese with osteonecrosis groups, suggesting a possible influence of obesity on the results. However, further studies are needed to confirm the role of obesity in the possible exacerbation of osteonecrosis and understand the underlying mechanisms.
ABSTRACT
O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliaro acúmulo de biofilme visível e verificar os fatores associados em idosos institucionalizados. Realizou-se um estudo transversal com idosos (n = 193) em instituições de longa permanência (n = 7) da região metropolitana de João Pessoa (PB). A presença de biofilme visível nos dentes e/ou nas próteses dentárias foi considerada como variável dependente. As variáveis independentes do estudo foram: características sociodemográficas, estado físico, hábitos de higiene e presença de agravos bucais. A influência das variáveis independentes sobre as variáveis dependentes foi analisada segundo regressão logística (α < 0,05). Foi possível perceber que a presença de biofilme dental visível (63,3%) está associada com idade superior a 80 anos (OR = 1,53), presença de cálculo dental (OR = 4,91) e frequência de escovação até uma vez ao dia (OR = 1,96). Diante disso, o acúmulo de biofilme visível está associado com avanço da idade, presença de cálculo dental e baixa frequência de higiene.
To evaluate the presence of visible biofilm accumulation and check associated factors in institutionalized elders. We conducted in a cross-sectional study with elders (n=193) from long-term care facilities (n=7) in the metropolitan region of João Pessoa-PB. The presence of visible biofilm in teeth and/or dentures was considered as dependent variable. The independent variables of the study were: socio-demographic characteristics, physical state, hygiene habits, and presence of oral diseases. The influence of independent variables on dependent variables was analyzed according to logistic regression (α<0.05). The presence of visible dental biofilm (IPV) (63.3%) is associated with age over 80 years (PR=1.53), presence of dental calculus (OR=4,91) and brushing frequency up to once a day (OR=1.96). The increase in visible biofilm is associated with advancing age, presence of dental calculus and low frequency of hygiene.